Thursday, May 2, 2013

Biomarkers and Determining Cancer Occurrences



Did you know that biomarkers can be used to determine ovarian cancer and recurrence? Maybe. But do you know what biomarkers are? How these biomarkers interact with each other affect outcomes of occurrence and recurrence.

Researchers try to find molecules called biomarkers that help determine a person’s likelihood of getting a disease or, if they have already been diagnosed, how far the disease has advanced. Genes, transcription factors and microRNAs are often used as biomarkers because these molecules can be heralds of disease or portents of susceptibility. 
Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins or other molecules that perform the functions of the cell. Transcription factors regulate these genes by binding to specific DNA sequences, preventing or inducing the genes to be “expressed” at higher or lower levels.
MicroRNAs, as their name suggests, are small RNA molecules that regulate an intermediate stage of gene expression. Transcription factors and microRNAs also can regulate each other.
The relationships among transcription factors, microRNAs and target genes can be visualized as interconnected networks. These intricate webs are often used to determine how diseases such as cancer proceed. Analyzing how these networks function in cancer can offer insight into how tumor cells proliferate and differentiate, undergo (or resist) programmed cell death, and how likely they are to become invasive.

1 comments:

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